Finite Element Analysis Senthil Pdf 21
We propose a methodology to optimize the natural frequencies of functionally graded structures by tailoring their material distribution. The element-free Galerkin method is used to analyze the two-dimensional steady-state free and forced vibration of functionally graded beams. To optimize the material composition, the spatial distribution of volume fractions of the material constituents is defined using piecewise bicubic interpolation of volume fraction values that are specified at a finite number of grid points. Subsequently, we use a real-coded genetic algorithm to optimize the volume fraction distribution for three model problems. In the first problem, we seek material distributions that maximize each of the first three natural frequencies of a functionally graded beam. The goal of the second model problem is to minimize the mass of a functionally graded beam while constraining its natural frequencies to lie outside certain prescribed frequency bands. The last problem aims to minimize the mass of a functionally graded beam by simultaneously optimizing its thickness and material distribution such that the fundamental frequency is greater than a prescribed value.
Finite Element Analysis Senthil Pdf 21
This textbook contains 12 discrete chapters that can be covered in a single semester university graduate course on finite element analysis methods. It also serves as a reference for practicing engineers working on design assessment and analysis of solids and structures.
The prediction of limit load on inlet pigtail pipe bends employed in a hydrogen reformer is one of the unresolved engineering tasks in chemical industries. This is because of the uncertainty and required extrapolation of the applicable data. In practice, the cross section of the inlet pigtail pipe bend becomes non-circular due to the bending process. This irregularity in shape extends when pipes are subjected to in-plane bending moment during plant operation. Ovality is the shape imperfection in a pipe bend considered for the present study. It affects the load carrying capacity and life cycle of the pipe bend. A three-dimensional finite element method is used to model and analyze a stand-alone, long radius inlet pigtail pipe bend. The pipe bend is modeled with a shape irregularity for which the percent ovality varies from 0 to 20. By considering ovality, it is shown that there is a significant effect in limit load due to in-plane bending moment. Also, the stress induced in the pipe bend geometry increases with the percentage of ovality. The allowable levels are obtained from finite elements analysis, considering various bend factors, and the closed form limit load solution is proposed, including the effect of ovality in pipe bend. 350c69d7ab
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